Hopkins - MBA Trivia: The Fish Tank Effect

「金魚缸效應」(The Fish Tank Effect)是由日本最佳電器株式會社 (Best Denki Co.)社長北田光男先生始創,金魚缸是以玻璃製成,擁有極高透明度,所以從不同的角度去看亦能觀察到缸內金魚的活動。金魚缸效應是指擁有極高透明度的企業管理手法。

要將金魚缸效應運用到管理中,首先需要提高管理人員在經濟收入上的透明度。要求企業領導者的收入及費用報銷要如實向企業利益相關者(如股東、員工等)公開,員工及股東可藉此以管理者的收入作為準則去衡量管理人員有否完成與其經濟收入成正比的工作職能。 若管理者出現任何不作為,需要接受批評及意見,然後對管理進行改進。

除此之外,要令利益相關者更容易監督管理者工作需要在規章制度和各項工作的透明度上著手,這同樣是一項任重而道遠的任務。當各項規章制度和工作有了透明度後,企業環境便能像清澈透明的魚缸一樣,極容易察覺當中的問題及狀況。

在這種情況下,管理人員的行為就會置於員工的監督之下,就會有效地防止領導者濫用權力,從而強化領導者的自我約束機制。而員工在作為管理層監督者,履行監督義務的同時,自身的主人翁意識和責任感得到極大的提升!

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